Samacheer Kalvi 9th Science Books English Medium Economic Biology

Science : Chapter 23 : Economic Biology

I . Choose the correct answer.

1. The production and management of fish is called

Pisciculture
Sericulture
Aquaculture
Monoculture

Ans : Pisciculture

2. Which one of the following is not an exotic breed of cow?

Jersey
Holstein-Friesan
Sahiwal
Brown Swiss

Ans : Sahiwal

3. Which one of the following is an Italian species of honey bee?

Apis mellifera
Apis dorsata
Apis florae
Apis cerana

Ans : Apis dorsata

4. Which of the following are Indian cattle?

i. Bos indicus	ii. Bos domesticus
iii. Bos bubalis	iv. Bos vulgaris

i and ii
i and iii
ii and iii
iii and iv

Ans : i and iii

5. Which one of the following is not an Indian major carp?

Rohu
Catla
Mrigal
Singhara

Ans : Singhara

6. Drones in the honey bee colony are formed from

unfertilized egg
fertilized egg
parthenogenesis
both b and c

Ans : fertilized egg

7. Which of the following is an high milk yielding variety of cow?

Holstein- Friesan
Dorset
Sahiwal
Red Sindhi

Ans : Holstein- Friesan

8. Which one of the following is refered as red worms?

Eudrilus fetida
Eudrilus eugieniae
Perionyx excavatus
Lampito mauritii.

Ans : Eudrilus fetida

9. Which Indian variety of honey bee is commonly used for apiculture?

Apis dorsata
Apis florea
Apis mellifera
Apis indica

Ans : Apis indica

10. Mehsana is a breed of

Cow
Buffalo
Goat
Sheep

Ans : Buffalo

11. Binomial name of Nilavembu is

Leucas aspera
Andrographis paniculata
Crotolaria juncea
Cassia fistula

Ans : Andrographis paniculata

12. __________ is the method of growing plants without soil.

Horticulture
Hydroponics
Pomology
None of these.

Ans : Hydroponics

13. The symbiotic association of fungi and vascular plants is

Lichen
Rhizobium
Mycorhizae
Azotobacter

Ans : Mycorhizae

14. The plant body of mushroom is

Spawn
Mycelium
Leaf
All of these

Ans : Mycelium

II. Fill in the blanks.

1. _________ is a nodulating type of micro organism associating symbiotically with the root of legume plants.

Ans : Dengue

2. Quinine drug is obtained from __________.

Ans : : Chinchona officinalis

3. Carica papaya leaf can cure __________ disease.

Ans : Dengue

4. Ganoderma lucidum, is commonly known as __________ mushroom.

Ans : Lingzhi

5. __________ is the maintenance of bee colonies in modern hives.

Ans : Worker Bees

6. Vermicompost is a type of soil made by __________ and microorganisms.

Ans : earthworm

7. __________ refers to the culture of prawns, pearl and edible oysters.

Ans : Aquaculture

8. The fertile female in a honey bee hive is ___________.

Ans : Queen Bee

9. ___________ is a preservative in honey.

Ans : Formic Acid

10. __________ is the method of culturing different variety of fish in a water body.

Ans : composite fish culture

11. Pasturage is related to _______________.

Ans : honey production

III. State whether true or false, If false, correct the given statement.

1. Medicinal plants contain compounds that can be used for therapeutic purposes. ( False )

Ans: Medicinal plants contain chemical compounds that can be used for therapeutic purposes

2. Anthraquinones is obtained from Ocimum sanctum. ( False )

Ans: Anthraquinones is obtained from Aloe vera.

3. Mycorrhiza is an algae. ( False )

Ans: Mycorrhiza is a fungi.

4. Aquaponics is a technique of growing plants with their root supplied with moisture present in the air. ( False )

Ans: Aeroponics is a technique of growing plants with their root supplied with moisture present in the air.

5. Milch animals are used in agriculture and transport. ( False )

Ans: Draught animals are used in agriculture and transport.

6. Apis florea is a rock bee. ( False )

Ans: Apis dorsata is a rock bee.

7. Ongole is an exotic breed of cattle. ( False )

Ans : Ongole is an indigenous breed of cattle.

8. Sheep manure contains high nutrients than farm yard manure. ( True )

IV. Match the following.

Column A	Column B
1. Lobsters	Marine fish
2. Catla	Pearl
3. Sea bass	Shell fish
4. Oysters	Paddy
5. Pokkali	Fin fish
6. Pleurotus sps	Psoriosis
7. Sarpagandha	Oyster mushroom
8. Olericulture	Reserpine
9. Wrighta tinctoria	Vegetable farming

Ans : 1 – C, 2 – E, 3 – A, 4 – B, 5 – D, 6 – G, 7 – I, 8 – J, 9 – F

V. Define the following.

a. Pisiculture

It is the culture and rearing of fishes under controlled conditions.

b. Apiculture

Apiculture is the rearing of honey bee for honey. It is also called Bee keeping.

c. Vermiculture

Vermiculture involves the artificial rearing or cultivation of earthworms and using them for the production of compost from natural organic wastes.

d. Mariculture

Culture of fishes and other aquatic organism in marine water near the sea coast

e. Floriculture

Floriculture is the art of cultivation of flowering and ornamental plants in garden for beauty or floristry

f. Compost

Compost is a soil conditioner as well as a fertilizer, which is rich in nutrients

g. Pomiculture

The cultivation of fruit ,fruit growing technology is called pomiculture.

h. Pinning

Mycelium starts to form little bud, which will develop into mushroom. Those little white buds are called pins.

VI. Differentiate the following.

a. Exotic breed and Indigenous breed

Exotic breed:

The exotic breeds (Bos taurus) are imported from foreign countries. They include Jersey, Brown Swiss and Holstein-Friesian etc.
These foreign breeds are selected for long lactation periods.

Indigenous breeds:

Indigenous breeds are native of India.
They include Sahiwal, Red Sindhi, Deoni and Gir.
These cattle are well built with strong limbs, prominent hump and loose skin.
Milk production depends on the duration of the lactation period (the period of milk production after the birth of a calf).
These local breed animals show excellent resistant to diseases.

b. Pollen and Nectar

Pollen:

A fine powdery substance ,typically yellow consisting of microscopic grains discharged from the male part of aflower or male cone.Each grain contains amale gamete that can fertilize the female ovule

Nectar:

A sugary fluid secreted within flowers to encourage pollination by insects and other animals,collected by bees to make into honey.

c. Shrimp and Prawn

Shrimp

Penaeid prawns are called shrimps (e.g. Penaeus indicus)

Prawn

Non – penaeid prawns are called prawns (e.g. Palaemon sps, Macrobrachium sps)

d. Fin fish and Shell fish

Fin fish:

Fins are usually the most distinctive anatomicalfeature of fish. they are composed of bony spine.

Shell fish:

An aquatic shelled mollusc especially on that is edible. eg.oyster,crab,shrimp

e. Farmyard manure and Sheep manure

Farmyard manure

It is a mixture of cattle dung, urine, litter material and other dairy wastes. On an average well decomposed farm yard manure contains 0.5% Nitrogen, 0.2% available phosphate and 0.5% available potash.

Sheep and Goat manure

It contains higher nutrients than farm yard manure. It contains 3% Nitrogen, 1% phosphorus pentoxide and 2% potassium oxide.

VII. Answer in brief.

1. What are secondary metabolites?

(AYUSH) use drugs obtained from plants and animals. These drugs from medicinal plants are called secondary metabolites

2. What do you know about AYUSH?

All the major system of medicines such as Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha, Homeopathy (AYUSH) use drugs obtained from plants and animals

3. What are the types of vegetable garden?

Olericulture is the science of growing vegetables. Vegetable farming can be classified into:

Kitchen or Nutrition gardening
Commercial gardening
Vegetable forcing

4. Mention any two mushroom preservation methods.

Freezing
Drying
Canning
Vacuum Cooling
Gamma radiation and storing at 15°C.

5. Why do we call Haryana and Kankrej breed of cattle as dual purpose breeds?

These breeds provide milk and they are useful for farm work. In India these breeds are favoured by farmers as the cows are fairly good milk yielders and bullocks are good for draught work. They includes Haryana, Ongole, Kankrej and Tharparkar

6. How is division of labour observed in honey bees?

There are three types of individuals in a colony namely the Queen bee, the drones and the worker bees.

Queen Bee:

The queen is the largest member and the fertile female of the colony.

Drones :

They are the fertile males.

Worker Bees:

They are sterile female bees and are the smallest members of the colony.

7. What is the nutritional importance of fish liver oils? Name any two marine fishes which yield these oils.

It comprises of liver oil and body oil. Liver oil of Cod, Tuna, Halibut and Shark are of great medicinal value and are rich in vitamin A, D and E.

8. Enumerate the advantages of vermicompost over chemical fertiliser.

It is a rich source of nutrients essential for plant growth. It makes the soil fertile.
It improves soil structure, texture, aeration and water holding capacity and helps to prevent soil erosion.
It contains valuable vitamins, enzymes and growth regulator substances for increasing growth, vigour and yield of plants.
It enhances decomposition of organic matter in soil.
Vermicompost is free from pathogens and toxic elements.
Vermicompost is rich in beneficial microflora.

9. What are the species of earthworm used for vermiculture?

Different types of earthworm are living in our soil. Among the vast community of earthworms only very few species can be used for vermicompost production. They are Perionyx excavatus (Indian blueworm), Eisenia fetida (Red worms), Eudrilus eugeniae (African night crawler)

10. List the medicinal importance of honey.

Uses of Honey

Honey has an antiseptic and antibacterial property. It is a blood purifier.
I t helps in building up of haemoglobin content in the blood.
It is used in Ayurvedic and Unani system of medicines.
It prevents cough, cold, fever and relieves sore throat.
It is a remedy for ulcers of tongue, stomach and intestine.
It enhances digestion and appetite

VIII. Assertion and Reason.

Direction: In each of the following questions, a statement of Assertion is given and a corresponding statement of Reason is given just below it. Of the statements given below, mark the correct answer as

If both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
If both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is not the correct explanation of Asssertion.
If Assertion is true but Reason is false.
If both Assertion and Reason are false.

1. Assertion: Hydroponics can be defined as a soilless growing system in which plants grow in water.

Reason: If a plant is provided with water, minerals and required nutrients, it will grow well and yield more even in the absence of soil.

Ans : If both Assertion and Reason are false.

2. Assertion: Fish and other varieties of aquatic animals are used as food.

Reason: Fish and other varieties of sea food constitute good source of nutrition.

Ans : If both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

3. Assertion: The production of food from animal sources has increased greatly in the last few decades.

Reason: Operation flood and blue revolution production has increased in the recent years.